Lengthy negotiations with Great Britain led to the “Andes Agreement” in February 1948 (or Andes, from the English transatlantic which then arrived in the first post-war voyage), which involves exchanges of cereals, meats, oils and fats, petroleum and derivatives, coal, steel, tin, zinc, tin, agricultural machinery, soda and chemical products, gradually preparing the balance of trade between the two countries; while Argentina can proceed with the redemption (which has already occurred in large part) of railways and subsidiary companies, and other public service companies (as well as French railways and telephone and other North American companies) using its sterling credits. Because the “freezing” of these credits and the non-convertibility of the pound have seriously affected the Argentine economy, making the lack of dollars more acute. Gradually, the availability of gold and foreign exchange had dwindled; the trade balance, which in 1946 showed a surplus of 2370 million, was already passive in May 1947: due to restrictions on imports (cars, vehicles, silk and rayon). Some of these were later withdrawn, but in May 1948 the British press complained that Argentina was late in granting import permits for the goods covered by the agreement. On these measures, as they concerned Great Britain, political-diplomatic considerations may have influenced together with pre-eminent economic-financial concerns, namely the intention to exert some pressure on it, given the worsening of the dispute over the Falkland Islands and the area of Antarctica claimed by Argentina: that claim, which has an irredentistic character for all Argentines and is therefore also supported by the opposition, was re-presented and supported, even in facts, by gen. Perón.
Argentina has secured, with the various trade treaties, not only outlets for the exports now required from all over the world, given the extreme need for food products, but raw materials and machinery for the development of its industries. However, various observers have pointed out the inflationary trend inherent in the expansion of credit, even abroad, so that the total circulation of means of payment rose, and there was a 40% increase in the cost of living from July 1946 to July 1947. The large military spending (not included in the estimates of the Perón plan) has an impact on the budget, which has been in deficit for years. These inflationary trends did not abate in 1948 when the shortage of currency led to the devaluation of the peso in July.in the free market; nor has the growth of military industries ceased.
Along with raw materials and machinery, Argentina has ensured the necessary manpower.
It was the destination, especially between 1938 and 1940, of numerous political and racial refugees, just as in the post-war period various personalities sought refuge there in view of the political regimes overthrown in Europe; not indifferent capital of European origin sought employment there, even during the war, whose presence and gradual investment may have contributed to some extent to inflation. They went to Argentina, during the period in which various European industries remained totally or partially inactive, including valuable technicians, and plants were also transferred, or branches created, thus making a significant contribution to industrialization. But the actual workforce is provided by immigration currents, which the Argentine government has tried to encourage in every way possible. It requires above all workers, mostly at least skilled, and skilled farmers to devote to the development of the provinces furthest from the capital, and in particular of Patagonia, for which a vast plan was drawn up in 1947, also in relation to strategic and political importance of the region, due to the opportunity to strengthen Argentine sovereignty in the southern regions. A special delegation based in Rome was therefore sent to Europe, which after various events signed the agreement of 21 February 1947 with Italy. It guarantees equal treatment with Argentine workers and the right to make remittances at home. at an exchange rate to be established, for Italian emigrants who go to Argentina for the purpose of work, conclude a contract with an Argentine employer through the Argentine institute de Promoción del Intercambio (which anticipates travel expenses), with the assistance of “Italian observers”, and who for two years do not abandon the activity, the profession or trade declared at the time of obtaining permission to enter the country, nor the place in which they are established. By virtue of this agreement, 24,955 Italians entered Argentina in 1947 (over 7205 Spaniards, 2323 Poles, mostly formerly of the army of Gen. Anders and 4,631 of other nationalities) and on 20 January 1948 a new agreement was signed., for the admission to Argentina of 100,000 Italian emigrants. 2323 Poles mostly formerly of the army of gen. Anders and 4631 of other nationalities) and on January 20, 1948 a new agreement was signed, for the admission to Argentina of 100,000 Italian emigrants. 2323 Poles mostly formerly of the army of gen. Anders and 4631 of other nationalities) and on January 20, 1948 a new agreement was signed, for the admission to Argentina of 100,000 Italian emigrants.
According to PLUS-SIZE-TIPS, the Perón government established diplomatic relations with Ireland (August 1947); relations with Brazil and Chile were strengthened through meetings between EC presidents Dutra and Perón at the international bridge over Uruguay on 21 May 1947, and the visit of President G. Gonzalez Videla to Buenos Aires the following July. Regarding social policy, it follows the principles proclaimed by President Perón in the speech of February 24, 1947, who affirmed the right of workers to a just wage, to their own training, to decent working conditions, to the preservation of health and well-being., social protection (in cases of decrease, suspension or loss of work capacity), family protection, as well as the right to freely group themselves into corporations and to participate in other lawful activities aimed at defending professional interests. If the conditions and economic activities of the government (especially the action of the Argentine Institute of Promoción del Intercambio, which centralizes foreign trade and buys from producers at prices below the selling price, thus making a profit for the state) arouse criticism in some classes, the populations flocked en masse to applaud President Perón and the partial elections of March 1948 gave his party a victory, for which the chamber was made up of 111 “Peronists”, against 44 radicals and 2 from other parties.
