The name Argentina comes from the Latin “argentum” (silver) and is associated with the legend of the Sierra de la Plata, common among the first European explorers of the region, both Spanish and Portuguese. It was the latter who named the river da Prata (Río de la Plata) the great estuary discovered by the Portuguese expedition of 1502 in which Américo Vespucio participated and which was later arrived by Juan Díaz de Solís in 1516, calling it Mar Dulce. As a country located in South America according to ENINGBO.INFO, the Argentine Constitution of 1853 It was sanctioned in the name of the people of the Argentine Confederation, but when the State of Buenos Aires was incorporated, in 1860 it was changed to Argentine Nation and article 35 was incorporated:
The denominations adopted successively from 1810 to the present, namely: United Provinces of Río de la Plata; Argentine Republic, Argentine Confederation, will henceforth be official names indistinctly for the designation of the Government and territory of the provinces, using the words “Argentine Nation” in the formation and enactment of laws. [1]
The official name of the country is República Argentina, by ellipsis of the noun, it is usually said, correctly, “Argentina”. However, the use without the article “la” is very widespread, so that in fact the name is usually expressed simply as “Argentina”.
Flora
Subtropical plants dominate the north of the country, as part of the Gran Chaco region. The Dalbergia genus of trees is well disseminated and is represented by the rosewood and the quebracho tree; the black and white carob trees (Prosopis alba and Prosopis nigra) are also predominant. The savannah exists in the driest regions, near the Andes. Aquatic plants thrive in the wetlands that endow the region. [49]
In the central area of the country is the humid Pampa, a large meadow. Originally, the pampas had virtually no trees; but due to human intervention, certain imported species such as the American sycamore or the eucalyptus are present. One of the native trees in the area is the ombú, an evergreen tree. [49]
The superficial soils of the Pampean plain have a large amount of humus. This makes the region very productive for agriculture. [49] The western pampas or dry pampas receive less than 500mm per year of rainfall, and it is a hard grass plain or steppe. In large part, its tussok is the same as that of Comahue, the central region of the western pampas, and it is covered with “mounts” or forests of the deciduous tree called caldén. It is distributed in a diagonal that goes from the southern limits of the provinces of Córdoba and San Luis to the southern limits of the provinces of La Pampa and Buenos Aires. [49]
Fauna
In the subtropical north there are a large number of animal species. There are big cats like the jaguar, the puma, and the ocelot ; great canids like the maned wolf, the ursid called Spectacled Bear ; primates (howler monkeys); large reptiles like crocodiles and a species of alligator. Other animals are the tapir, capybaras, anteaters, ferret, peccary, giant otter, coati, and various species of turtles.. [fifty]
In the subtropical area of Argentina there are many birds such as the crowned eagle (the largest predator on the continent), tiny hummingbirds, flamingos, the toucan and various species of parrots. The central prairies are populated by the armadillos, the colo colo, and the South American ñandú or ostrich. The hawks, various ducks and the herons and partridges also inhabit the area, equal to several species of deer and foxes. Some species extend to Patagonia. [fifty]
The western mountains are home to various animals. Among them are the llama, the guanaco and the vicuña, which are some of the most recognizable species in South America. Also in this region are the Andean cat and the condor. The latter is the largest flying bird in the world, as well as one of those that flies to greater heights. [fifty]
In southern Argentina inhabit the puma, the huemul, the pudú (the smallest deer in the world) and the wild boar. The Patagonian coast is rich in animal life: the elephant seal, the sea lion, the sea lion, and various species of penguins. In the extreme south are cormorants, which feed on fish. [fifty]
The territorial waters of Argentina have abundant ocean life; there are mammals like dolphins and whales. One of the most outstanding whales is the right whale, together with the orcas they are the great tourist attraction of Península Valdés. Non-mammalian marine fauna that can be found include sardines, hake, salmon, and dogfish; squid and spider crab are also present in Tierra del Fuego. The rivers and streams in Argentina have many species of freshwater fish such as trout and a South American fish such as the golden.
The species of snakes that inhabit Argentina include the boa constrictor, the venomous yarará and the rattlesnake. [fifty]
