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U.S. educators frequently use the terms K-12 education, and sometimes PK-12
education, to refer to all primary and secondary education from pre-school prior
to the first year or grade through secondary graduation. Information about
certain aspects of primary and secondary education crosses all school grade
levels. This is particularly true of school curricula, facilities management,
and policy issues.
The School Curriculum
Primary and secondary school curricula are designed to integrate across grade
levels and provide a coherent and comprehensive educational experience for each
student who undertakes and completes all grade levels. Curricula also
accommodate necessary differences in learning styles and abilities, as well as
different interests and aptitudes. Thus, a school curriculum will offer a range
of options and tracks, and students will be placed in, or elect, from among them
based on diagnostic counseling, academic performance, and consultation with
parents and the student. Each state and territory sets broad curricular policy
that applies to schools within its jurisdiction, but local and individual
variations will occur within the degrees of freedom allowed by the basic policy.
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