- Nickname: Keystone State
- Motto: Virtue, liberty, and independence
- Flower: Mountain laurel
- Bird: Ruffled grouse
- Area: 46,055 (2000; U.S. rank: 33rd)
- Elevation: Ranges from sea level to 3,213 feet
- Climate: Cold winters, warm summers, abundant
precipitation
- Admitted to Union: December 12, 1787
- Capital: Harrisburg
- Head Official: Governor Ed Rendell (D) (until
2007)
- Population
- 1980: 11,863,895
- 1990: 11,881,643
- 2000: 12,281,054
- 2004 estimate: 12,406,292
- Percent change, 1990–2000: 3.4%
- U.S. rank in 2004: 6th
- Percent of residents born in state: 77.7% (2000)
- Density: 274 people per square mile (2000)
- 2002 FBI Crime Index Total: 350,466
- Racial and Ethnic Characteristics (2000)
- White: 10,484,203
- Black or African American: 1,224,612
- American Indian and Alaska Native: 18,348
- Asian: 219,813
- Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander: 3,417
- Hispanic or Latino (may be of any race): 394,088
- Other: 188,437
- Age Characteristics (2000)
- Population under 5 years old: 727,804
- Population 5 to 19 years old: 2,542,780
- Percent of population 65 years and over: 15.6%
- Median age: 38 years (2000)
- Vital Statistics
- Total number of births (2003): 142,287
- Total number of deaths (2003): 126,404 (infant
deaths, 981)
- AIDS cases reported through 2003: 15,178
- Economy
- Major industries: Manufacturing, services,
tourism, transportation, mining, high technology,
agriculture
- Unemployment rate: 4.9% (April 2005)
- Per capita income: $31,706 (2003; U.S. rank:
18th)
- Median household income: $43,869 (3-year average,
2001-2003)
- Percentage of persons below poverty level: 9.9%
(3-year average, 2001-2003)
- Income tax rate: 3.07%
- Sales tax rate: 6%
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